Coriander is cultivated as a spice crop. Both the seeds and leaves obtained from its plants are used. Coriander leaves add flavour to cooked vegetables and make coriander chutney. Both its roots and leaves are used. Coriander seeds contain volatile oil, which makes food items tasty. Coriander seeds are used to make oil, candy, liquor, soup, and coriander is also used to produce fragrance in sealed food items. Soaps and aromatic substances are driven by their use.
In India, coriander is cultivated in Madhya Pradesh, Maharashtra, Uttar Pradesh, Rajasthan, Andhra Pradesh and Uttar Pradesh. Many useful elements, calcium, iron, fibre, vitamin-A, C, carotene and copper, are found inside it. Chewing two coriander seeds and eating them daily is beneficial for diabetes.
Soil, Climate & Temperature
Coriander cultivation can be done on any fertile land with proper drainage. Sandy loam soil is considered suitable for its cultivation. However, black soil is required to cultivate in places with excess water. For all farming purposes, a 4wd tractor is appropriate.
The coriander plant is of temperate climate, so its crop is done in a dry and cold environment. Coriander plants require a mild winter during seed germination, from which the seeds are aromatic and of high quality, but the frost that falls in winter causes more damage to its crop. In addition, coriander plants can tolerate only a maximum temperature of 20 degrees and a minimum of 35 degrees.
Field Preparation & Fertilizer
First of all, the cultivation is done by deep ploughing. After this leave, the field opens like this. After the first ploughing, 8 to 10 wagons of old cow dung manure must be given in the area. Then, the field is ploughed once again. Due to this, cow dung manure mixes well in the field’s soil. After mixing the waste in the ground, it is ploughed by applying water. After this, leave the field open like this for some time and at the time of the last ploughing, zinc sulphate, and phosphorus. And this, two to three oblique ploughing of the area is done by installing a rotavator in the field. Due to this, the field’s soil becomes friable. After the ground becomes friable, level the land by applying the pavement.
Apart from this, half the amount of nitrogen is given in the field during the first irrigation, and urea is sprayed after the first harvest.
Planting Method
Coriander seeds are planted in seed form. In high-moisture land, 15 to 20 KG coriander seeds are required in a one-hectare field, and 25 to 30 KG seeds are necessary for low-moisture areas. Before planting the seeds, treat the roots by adding the proper amount of Carbendazim and Thiram. Apart from this, the seeds are saved from seed-borne diseases by treating them with an appropriate amount of streptomycin 500 ppm.
Coriander seeds are sown in rows prepared in the field, designed through the plough. A distance of 30 CM is kept between the rows organised, and a distance of 10 CM must be maintained between the seeds. Seeds are sown in the soil at a depth of 4 cm. Planting seeds must be done from October to December.
Irrigation
If coriander seeds are planted in soil with low moisture, they need irrigation immediately after transplanting. Apart from this, if the planting of sources has been done in moist land, give water according to the requirement. Coriander plants require a maximum of 5 to 7 irrigations.
Weed Control
Coriander plants require more weed control. That’s why weed killers should be sprayed when ploughing the field to control the weeds. Apart from this, if weeds are seen in the area during the crop, they should be uprooted by hand, and weeding should be done. Pendimethalin Stamp 30 E.C. or Quizolofop Ethyl Targasuper 5 E.C. if weeds are seen in excess. Spray the appropriate amount in the field.
Harvesting
Coriander crop is ready for harvesting 110 to 130 days after transplanting the seeds, depending on the variety. Its plants are harvested in two ways, for which different time is [fixed. If you want to reap its plants for the leaves, you should cut them as soon as they grow. Apart from this, if you’re going to get the crop in the form of seeds, you have to wait a bit for that when the leaves on its plants turn yellow and fall, and the seeds start ripening. During that time, it is harvested. For harvesting, a Preet combine harvester is suitable and it is easy to use in fields.
After harvesting, they are dried properly in the sun. Then, the seeds are separated from the completely dried seeds by removing the stalks. The market price of coriander is Rs.40 per kg. A yield of 15 quintals is obtained in a one-hectare field, so that farmer brothers can easily earn up to 50 thousand from its one-time crop.
